Investigation on the flight characteristics of fly-by-wire co-rotating propeller aircraft

电传同向旋转螺旋桨飞机飞行特性研究

¹ School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
² Unit 95960 of PLA, Xi'an 710089, China
³ The First Aircraft Design Institute of AVIC, Xi'an 710089, China

Received: 8 April 2024

Abstract

The application of a fly-by-wire control system is of great significance for enhancing the flight quality of a propeller aircraft. The dynamic characteristics of the fly-by-wire co-rotating propeller aircraft were investigated, and the longitudinal, lateral and coupling characteristics different from those of conventional turbofan aircraft were analyzed in some detail. The performances of throttle, acceleration and deceleration, speed instability and manipulation coupling response in the flight process were discussed in depth. The modal characteristics and parameter value range of the fly-by-wire co-rotating propeller aircraft were extracted. Then a stability enhancement design strategy for the propeller aircraft was proposed to address the influence of propellers and slipstream. Finally, the rudder automatic trim and single-engine failure automatic compensation functions for the propeller aircraft were analyzed. The study results indicate that, due to the influence of direct force and moment on propellers and slipstream, the fly-by-wire co-rotating propeller aircraft has different flight dynamic characteristics from those of the conventional fly-by-wire aircraft. Extra stability and trim functions should be added to its flight to reduce pilot load and improve flight quality.

摘要

电传操纵系统的应用对提升螺旋桨飞机的飞行品质特性具有重要意义。面向电传同向旋转螺旋桨飞机需求, 研究了该类飞机的动力学特性, 深入分析了区别于常规涡扇动力飞机的纵横向以及耦合特性; 进一步对飞行过程中的油门、加减速、速度不稳定以及操纵耦合响应特征进行了论述, 提炼出电传同向旋转螺旋桨飞机的模态特性并给出了模态特征参数的取值范围; 针对螺旋桨以及滑流的影响, 给出了电传螺旋桨飞机的增稳设计策略, 针对该类飞机的方向舵自动配平和单发失效自动补偿功能控制需求进行了研究分析。结果表明, 由于滑流和螺旋桨上直接力和力矩的影响, 加入电传飞控系统后, 同向旋转螺旋桨飞机的飞行动力学特性和操稳特性与常规电传飞机存在区别, 在飞行过程中需要引入额外的增稳和配平功能来降低飞行员负荷, 提高飞行品质特性。