Study on Situation Awareness under Different Mental Workloads

不同脑力负荷水平下的情境意识研究

School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China

Received: 3 July 2019

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to examine the situation awareness (SA) changes under various mental workloads and to explore the sensitive physiological indicators to SA under this circumstance. Twenty-four participants were recruited to perform tasks under three kinds of mental workload based on the Multi Attribute Task Battery (MATB) Ⅱ platform. Performance measures, situational awareness global assessment technology (SAGAT), three dimensions situation awareness rating technology (3D-SART), eye movement and electroencephalograph (EEG) data were recorded. Results indicated that, the SAGAT scores and 3D-SART scores decreased significantly with the increasing of mental workload. In addition, the two scores both have a medium negative relationship with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) scores. The SAGAT scores have a medium positive relationship with the high alpha relative power at C4 electrode site. What's more, The SAGAT scores have a medium negative relationship with the Nearest Neighbor Index (NNI) under high mental workload condition. In conclusion, under different mental workload levels, (1) Mental workload has a medium negative relationship with SA. (2) NNI and high alpha relative power may be possible sensitive indicators to SA. The present study can provide a reference for designing the display and control interface in cockpit and for optimization of man-machine functional allocation.

摘要

为探索不同脑力负荷水平的情境意识（SA）变化规律，并寻找该任务条件下SA的敏感生理指标。选取24名被试完成基于多任务属性平台（MATB）Ⅱ的3种脑力负荷水平（低、中和高）任务。记录绩效测量、情境意识全面测量技术（SAGAT）、三维度情境意识测评技术（3D-SART）、眼动和脑电数据。结果表明，随着脑力负荷的增加，SAGAT得分和3D-SART得分均显著减小。并且，这两者均与美国国家航空航天局任务负荷指数量表（NASA-TLX）得分中等负相关。SAGAT得分与顶叶区（C₄）α₂相对功率中等正相关。此外，仅在高脑力负荷下，SAGAT得分与最近邻指数（NNI）中等负相关。研究表明，在不同脑力负荷水平下，①随着脑力负荷增加，SA逐渐减少。②NNI和α₂相对功率可能是SA的敏感指标。该研究可为驾驶舱显控界面的设计及人机功能分配的优化提供一定参考。