Emergency evacuation simulation and test research of civil aircraft complex groups based on the social attribute

基于社会属性的民机复杂群体应急撤离仿真与试验研究

¹ Institute of Mechanical and Electrical System, First Aircraft Institute of AVIC, Xi'an 710089, China
² College of Aviation Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China

Received: 25 September 2021

Abstract

Based on the basic social model, the social attribute effect factor is put forward. The desired velocity of individual is modified from sex, age, education, ride frequency, safety knowledge and experience. The influence of the individual behavior, group action and adverse attitude of landing are revised through panic parameter, follow force, leaning force and coefficient of speed damping ratio. Based on the dynamic cabin emergency evacuation test environment, the individual evacuation test, multiplayer evacuation test and group evacuation test are performed. The individual speed distributes and the adverse attitude effects on the individual velocity and group evacuation speed are analyzed. The test result show that the individual desired speed is about 1.5 m/s and the maximum desired speed is about 2.86 m/s. During evacuation, the average speed of male is higher than that of female. However, the proportion of panic of female during jump slide is higher than that of male. The fitting coefficient of speed damping ration based on the test data is consist with that from Lowe's Ship Club. Through comparing the simulation result with the test, the revised social model can be exact simulate evacuation process. The maximum deviation is 6.25 percent with group test performed in the test environment. The relative error is 3.7 percent with ARJ21-700 evacuation demonstrate test. The errors conform to the engineering requirement.

摘要

基于基本社会力模型, 提出社会属性影响指数, 从性别、年龄、受教育程度、乘坐频率和安全知识与经验等方面修正了个体期望速度; 通过恐慌参数、跟随力、倾斜力、速度衰减比系数对个体行为、群体行为及不利姿态的影响进行了修正。基于动态客舱应急撤离试验环境, 开展了单人、多人和群体应急撤离试验, 分析了个体运动速度分布、不利姿态对个体运动速度以及群体疏散速度的影响。试验表明: 个体期望速度约1.5 m/s, 最大期望速度2.86 m/s; 在撤离过程中, 男性平均速度高于女性, 而在跳下滑梯时, 女性恐慌比例高于男性。基于试验数据拟合所得的速度衰减比系数与劳氏船级社模型的速度衰减比系数基本一致。仿真与试验对比表明, 修正后仿真模型能够比较准确地模拟应急撤离过程, 与试验环境群体试验最大误差6.25%, 与ARJ21-700应急撤离演示试验相对误差3.7%, 误差满足工程需要。