Performance optimization design of lightweight composite thermal insulation structure for vehicle shelter

某车载方舱轻质复合保温结构性能优化设计

¹ School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
² Suzhou Jiangnan Aerospace Mechanical and Electrical Industry Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215300, China

Received: 14 May 2021

Abstract

Aiming at the thermal insulation problem of vehicle shelter in high heat and cold environment, with polyurethane foam as the base material, vacuum insulation board and aerogel with low thermal conductivity as the core material, a new composite insulation structure called dual-core cladding thermal insulation structure suitable for vehicle shelter is proposed. Based on the secondary development of ANSYS, the batch CFD simulation of the sample points of the dual-core cladding thermal insulation structure is realized, and it is concluded that its surface density increases linearly and effective thermal conductivity decreases nonlinearly with the increasing of thickness of the core material. Comparing with aerogel, the thickness of the vacuum insulation board has a more obvious influence on the performance of the insulation structure. The proxy model and the second-generation non-inferior ranking genetic algorithm are used to perform the multi-objective optimization of performance of the dual-core cladding thermal insulation structure. After optimization, the effective thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation structure reduced by 55.56%, and the thermal insulation effect is better than that of the single-core thermal insulation structure. The new dual-core cladding thermal insulation structure was applied to the middle roof of a vehicle shelter, the analysis results showed that the heat transfer coefficient of the middle roof reduced by 15.76% under the requirement of surface density, which improved significantly the heat insulation performance of the vehicle shelter slab.

摘要

针对高热高寒等环境下车载方舱的保温隔热问题, 以导热系数低的真空隔热板和气凝胶为芯材、聚氨酯泡沫为基材, 提出了一种适用于车载方舱的新型双芯包覆式保温结构。基于ANSYS二次开发技术, 实现对双芯包覆式保温结构样本点的批量CFD仿真, 得出: 随着芯材厚度的增加, 其面密度呈线性增大、有效导热系数呈非线性减小, 与气凝胶相比真空隔热板厚度对保温结构性能的影响更明显。采用代理模型和第二代非劣排序遗传算法进行了双芯包覆式保温结构性能多目标优化, 优化后保温结构有效导热系数降低55.56%, 且隔热效果优于单芯保温结构。将新型双芯包覆式保温结构应用到某车载方舱中顶板, 分析结果表明, 在满足面密度指标要求下, 中顶板传热系数降低15.76%, 显著提升了车载方舱大板的隔热性能。