Multi-objective optimization of power distribution of hybrid power source based on differential evolution algorithm

基于差分进化算法的混合电源功率分配多目标优化

School of Electromechanical and Automotive Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China

Received: 9 October 2021

Abstract

The hybrid power source needs to achieve the excellent power distribution control to enhance the vehicle performance, the optimization algorithm can automatically seek the optimal target according to vehicle requirements to achieve the best power distribution of hybrid power source. Power consumption is one of the core indicators for evaluating power distribution control of hybrid power source, as well as the current fluctuation of battery is an important factor that affects its power consumption and cycle life. Taking the fully-active hybrid power source configuration as the application object, a differential evolution algorithm with fast convergence speed and strong global search ability to achieve real-time power distribution control with multiple optimization goals is introduced by fully considering two important parameters of power consumption and battery current fluctuation, the power consumption model for the hybrid power source is established, the functional relationship between the power consumption of hybrid power source, current change of battery and its output current is given. In this algorithm, the minimum power consumption of the hybrid power source and the minimum change rate of the battery output current are selected as the optimization goals, the weight coefficients of the two optimization goals are assigned to seek the influence relationship between the two optimization goals. The empirical results from a simulation verify effectiveness and reliability of the designed scheme. The research results provide a reference for controlling the power distribution and optimizing the hybrid power source of electric vehicle.

摘要

混合电源需实现卓越的功率分配控制以提升车辆性能, 而优化算法可根据车辆需求自动地寻求既定目标的最优解, 以实现混合电源的最佳功率分配。功耗是评价功率分配控制的核心指标, 蓄电池的电流变化率是影响其功耗和寿命的重要因素。以全主动配置的混合电源拓扑结构为应用对象, 引入一种新颖的具有收敛速度快且全局搜索能力强的差分进化算法以实现多优化目标的实时功率分配控制；充分考虑功耗和蓄电池的电流变化率2个重要参数, 建立了混合电源的功耗模型, 给出了混合电源的功耗、蓄电池输出电流与蓄电池电流变化率之间的函数关系；以混合电源的功耗最小以及蓄电池输出电流变化率最小为优化目标, 赋予2个优化目标权重系数, 以寻求2个优化目标之间的影响关系。仿真实例结果验证了所设计方案的有效性和可靠性。研究结果为电动汽车混合电源功率分配控制及优化提供参考。