WFMHT Method of Orbit Maneuver Detection Based on Space-Based Bearing-Only Measurement

仅天基测角跟踪的轨道机动WFMHT检测方法

¹ Beijing Aerospace Control Center, Beijing 100094, China
² Science and Technology on Aerospace Flight Dynamics Laboratory, Beijing 100094, China

Received: 15 November 2017

Abstract

The method of orbit maneuver detection of space targets is investigated using the space-based bearing-only measurement, which aims to acquire a real-time or nearly real-time awareness of orbit maneuver in the space situation awareness. First, the model for estimating real-time motion of a space target is presented, which only uses the space-based bearing-only measurements. The innovation characteristics of the normal orbit and orbit maneuver are analyzed and compared. Second, based on the hypothesis test methods of the distribution characteristic of the stochastic sequence, the WFMHT (i.e., weighted fusion of multi hypothesis tests) method with the innovation is put forward to detect the orbit maneuver. Furthermore, the criterion of determining the weight coefficients is studied. Finally, the method is validated by numeric simulations. The results show that the highest gained success rate is up to 36% with the WFMHT method than the prevalent Chi2 method. With the WFMHT method, the detection system achieves a strengthened robustness with greatly shortened detection window. The research will be beneficial to construction of our space situation awareness system.

摘要

面向空间态势感知对空间目标轨道机动的实时或准实时检测需求，研究了仅利用天基测角的空间目标轨道机动检测方法。首先，研究并建立了基于天基测角的空间目标运动状态实时估计模型，分析了运动状态估计中轨道机动对应的测角新息变化特性。其次，基于随机序列的分布特性假设检验方法，提出了一种对测角新息进行多假设检验加权融合（WFMHT）的轨道机动检测方法，同时研究了权系数的确定准则和方法。最后，采用数值仿真验证了论文方法的有效性。研究结果表明，基于测角新息的轨道机动WFMHT检测方法相对于常见χ²方法，检测成功率最大可以提高36%，尤其是大大缩短了检测窗口长度，同时增加了检测结构的鲁棒性，可为我国空间态势感知体系建设提供有益借鉴。