Fault Diagnosis and Compensation Strategy of BLDC Motor Drives with Hall Sensors

无刷直流电机霍尔传感器故障诊断与补偿策略

School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129 China

Received: 20 December 2018

Abstract

In a brushless DC motor drive system, two fault diagnosis methods were proposed in order to investigate the faults of Hall position sensors, and the corresponding compensation strategy was carried out. Firstly, the differences of Hall signal sequences during normal and fault situation of motor were analyzed, then a fault diagnosis method based on the characteristics of Hall signal sequences was proposed. In order to detect the faults of Hall position sensors in real time, a sliding mode-based super-twisting speed observer was established and combined with the Hall signal sequences. Under fault situations, the compensation controller was established, and a second-order speed prediction method was used to generate the compensation Hall signals of the faulty sensors. Finally, theoretical analysis and experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the present fault diagnosis methods and compensation strategy.

摘要

针对无刷直流电机霍尔位置传感器故障，提出了2种故障诊断方法，并进行了相应的补偿控制。首先，分析了电机正常运行过程中的霍尔信号序列特征，提出了以故障后霍尔信号序列特征作为诊断依据的故障诊断方法。同时，为实时检测发生在某些扇区的传感器故障，建立了基于滑模的超螺旋转速观测器，并将其与霍尔信号序列检测相结合，实现了高实时性的故障检测。在此基础上，以正常位置传感器信号作为基础，利用二阶转速预测信息和理想霍尔信号序列实时生成补偿霍尔信号，建立了故障信号的补偿控制器。最后，通过理论分析和实验验证了所提故障诊断与补偿策略的有效性，提高了无刷直流电机驱动系统的可靠性与安全性。