Research on influence of bolted connections and riveting on tensile failure behavior of composite structures

螺栓连接和铆接对复合材料结构拉伸失效行为的影响研究

¹ School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
² NPU Xuhang Electromagnetic Technology Co., Ltd., Xi'an 710100, China

Received: 14 September 2024

Abstract

Riveting method is simple, lightweight and cost-effective, and can thus possibly be adopted to reduce the weight of the composite structure compared to the bolted joints. To that end, this paper comprehensively assessed the practice of "replacing bolts with rivets" in composite structures. The quasi-static tensile-shear properties, damage response and failure process of single-lap composite specimens with pure riveting, riveting with washer and high-locking bolt were compared. The results show that the washer-riveted composite specimens have an ultimate strength of 16.1% higher than that of the high-lock bolted cases. The unit mass bearing capacity of the washer-riveted composite specimens is 97.8 % of that of the high-lock bolted composite specimens, while the unit mass energy absorption capacity is 24.2% higher than that of the high-lock bolted cases. Therefore, the practice of "replacing bolts with rivets"is feasible in terms of the ultimate quasi-static tensile shear strength, unit mass bearing capacity and unit mass energy absorption capacity.

摘要

螺栓连接在航空复合材料连接结构中应用广泛, 但存在接头质量大、成本高、安装效率低的缺点。而铆接工艺简单、成本低, 但铆接过程容易造成复合材料损伤。为实现结构减重, 在复合材料结构中探索"以铆代螺"的可行性具有重要工程意义。通过准静态拉伸试验对比了纯铆接、垫圈铆接及螺栓连接接头的力学性能及损伤失效形式。基于等代设计原则研究使用铆接工艺代替螺栓连接后的接头强度, 进而探究"以铆代螺"可行性。结果表明: 准静态拉伸剪切载荷下, 垫圈铆接接头承受的峰值载荷高于螺栓连接, 单位质量承载能力与螺栓接头持平, 但单位质量吸收能量远高于螺栓接头。从单位质量承载能力和能量吸收能力来讲, "以铆代螺"具有一定的可行性。